Systems of governance and authority

Systems of governance and authority can have a profound influence on the development of human societies. All types of governments—from local politics to federal bureaucracies to huge empires—maintain their authority through specific techniques, including fostering a shared identity (nationalism), developing economic interdependence, and sometimes using overt force. Challenges to that authority through violent and nonviolent revolution can have significant consequences, including the collapse and replacement of whole systems of governance. You have studied multiple forms of governance (including ancient and contemporary empires) and resistance to authority (in both violent and nonviolent revolutions) that occurred in societies within the Americas, India, Southeast Asia, and Africa. In this task, you will examine systems of governance and the reactions of the governed peoples in specific areas of the world.

Task:

A. Discuss the rise of imperialism or colonialism in one area of the world from the following list:

• South America

• North America

• Central America

• India

• Southeast Asia

• Africa (e.g. the Scramble for Africa)
1. Explain how the indigenous people of the area discussed in Part A reacted (via protest, rebellion, accommodation, etc.) to imperialism or colonialism.

B. Compare the strategies (i.e., policies, actions, tactics) of one violent revolution and one nonviolent revolution from the following lists:
Violent revolutions:

• Russian Revolution of 1917

• American Revolution

Nonviolent revolutions:

• Orange Revolution in Ukraine

• Indian Independence Movement

1. Evaluate whether the revolutions discussed in part B accomplished their goals by describing the goals for each revolution and using specific details to show if/when they were accomplished.

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